⚡ Voltage Divider Calculator

Calculate output voltage and resistor values for voltage dividers

📏 Input Parameters

Input Voltage (V)

Resistor R1 (Ω)

Resistor R2 (Ω)

📊 Results

Output Voltage

6.00 V

Current

6.00 mA

📚 Understanding Voltage Dividers

What is a Voltage Divider?

A voltage divider is a simple circuit that produces an output voltage that is a fraction of its input voltage. It consists of two resistors in series.

Formula

Vout = Vin × (R2 / (R1 + R2))

Vout: Output voltage
Vin: Input voltage
R1: First resistor (connected to Vin)
R2: Second resistor (connected to ground)

Applications

Reducing voltage to safe levels for sensors
Creating reference voltages
Level shifting in digital circuits
Biasing transistors and op-amps

Important Considerations

Voltage dividers work best with high-impedance loads
Current draw from the output affects accuracy
Use higher resistance values to minimize power consumption
Consider using a buffer amplifier for driving loads

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I use a voltage divider?

▼

Use voltage dividers when you need to reduce voltage for sensors, create reference voltages, or interface between different voltage levels. They work best with minimal current draw from the output.

Why does my voltage divider output change when I connect a load?

▼

The load draws current, which affects the voltage division. Use higher value resistors or add a buffer amplifier (op-amp follower) to prevent loading effects.

What resistor values should I use?

▼

Use values between 1kΩ and 100kΩ for most applications. Higher values reduce power consumption but may be affected by noise. Lower values provide more stable output but waste more power.